Research record
Overview
Compound name: GHK-Cu
Alternative names: Copper Tripeptide-1; Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu²⁺
Compound classification: Endogenous peptide–metal complex
Brief factual description:
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva, and urine. It functions as a signaling molecule involved in tissue repair, extracellular matrix remodeling, and regulation of gene expression associated with healing and regeneration.
Mechanism of Action
Primary biological targets: Copper-dependent enzymes; extracellular matrix pathways
Affected systems: Integumentary, connective tissue, cellular repair systems
Receptor selectivity:
Not receptor-mediated in a classical sense
Downstream signaling effects:
Delivery of bioavailable copper to cells
Regulation of gene expression linked to collagen synthesis, angiogenesis, and antioxidant defense
Modulation of metalloproteinase and growth-related pathways
